According to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the collections of clonal DNA molecules obtained in this way are called clone libraries. A second form of cloning is to take advantage of the natural process of cell division to make multiple copies of a complete cell.
The genetic makeup of these clonal cells, called the cell line, is identical to that of the original cell. Cloning is also called the method used to generate genetically identical complete living beings, such as the famous Scottish sheep Dolly.
The first vertebrate cloning experiment was in frogs in 1952. In the 1970s, Gurdon achieved absolutely identical collections of spurred toads, inserting nuclei of cells from early larval stages into ovules, from which their corresponding nuclei had been stolen.
