Freckles: What are they and how do they occur

Freckles are a very characteristic genetic trait of people who tend to have especially light skin and hair. Normally the most characteristic scratch is that these small skin spots appear on the face, but they can also appear all over the body, these are small spots on the skin that are hyperpigmented areas that can develop due to genetic inheritance or due to inadequate exposure in the sun.Melanin is the substance that gives color to our skin, hair or the iris of our eyes. Melanocytes are responsible for producing this melanin. These feed the keratinocytes that create keratin. Keratin is the main protein that generates the epidermis and builds a barrier that protects us from dust, water or sunlight. When the body releases this melanin to protect us from incidence of sunlight, freckles appear when an accumulation of this substance occurs in points of our body Freckles are bearing benign lesions that do not make up any disorder or disease in the skin, and only in very extreme and rare cases can they evolve to a disease such as skin cancer.How do they occur? There are many human skins that do not create enough melanin for the body to darken evenly. This results in the accumulation of pigment in certain areas where freckles can eventually form, but from childhood they are usually present in lighter-skinned people with light eyes and light hair. Over the years they tend to fade, but exposure to the sun can make them darker during times like summer.Likewise, women tend to find it easier to freckle due to the hormonal changes that their body can undergo. For this reason, freckles often appear in pregnant women who have never had before or in women who use birth control pills. Doctors often differentiate between two types of freckles. On the one hand, simple freckles, which are small, rounded spots. They are usually congenital, on the other hand they describe those that are created by sunburn. They are usually darker and somewhat larger than simple freckles. In addition, this type of freckle usually appears on the back and shoulders, and not only on the face. Freckled people should visit the doctor regularly to check that their freckles do not change in color, size or shape.