Who was Túpac Amaru? Biography and summary of his life

José Gabriel Condorcanqui, better known as Túpac Amaru II, was a Peruvian revolutionary. Born in 1738, he was a descendant of Túpac Amaru I, the last sovereign of the Incas. When José Gabriel Condorcanqui took command of the indigenous people to fight against the Spanish authorities who wanted to colonize Peru, he adopted his name. Life of Túpac Amaru II During his youth he worked in the transport sector, as well as in the management of mining properties and land. Already in his adulthood, he was chief of the regions of Tungasuca, Surimana and Pampamarca. The beginning of the end of the Spanish empire in America took place between the 18th and 19th centuries, when the indigenous people rose up against tax burdens. The Spanish empire suffered very serious economic problems due to the different international conflicts, in such a way that it imposed a series of taxes on the indigenous people, which seriously affected the lower classes, including the indigenous population. of the tributes, and the colonial authorities charged against them. In addition, the indigenous people were forced to work for very small wages in domestic, agricultural or mining tasks. It was a set of circumstances that made the indigenous people rise up against the Spanish empire. It was on November 4, 1780, when a rebellion led by Túpac Amaru II began. He was accompanied by mestizos, criollos, natives and freed blacks. At first they fought against the Spanish authorities, although shortly afterwards it led to a struggle for the independence of Peru. Túpac Amaru declared himself sovereign of the Inca empire and did everything possible to negotiate the surrender of Cuzco. However, the Spanish empire responded with force.Túpac Amaru and his forces were defeated and in April 1781 the Spanish authorities captured the revolutionary. They executed his family to make him speak and subjected him to the most atrocious torture, even stretching his limbs with horses. Despite everything, the indigenous leader did not speak, and they ended up executing him. Despite his death, his figure and his struggle were decisive for the independence of Peru and other South American countries. The revolt continued for some time more headed by a cousin and a nephew, it did not have the same relevance again. The death of Túpac Amaru marked the end of a cycle of anti-colonial indigenous revolutions.