Experts believe that the relationship between geographical location and economic development is obvious, because the richest regions of the world are the United States, Europe, Australia, Japan, South Korea and the oil-rich countries of the Middle East; while the poorest nations are found in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America.
And it is that according to this research, the four factors that drive the wealth of a State are: that it has access to the sea, that it has natural resources (oil, gas, coal …), that it has favorable conditions for agriculture and that its climate be it warm or cold. The more factors of those mentioned coincide in a state, the richer it will be. For example, of the 48 countries in the world with scarce energy resources, 28 are considered poor.
Sub-Saharan African countries score poorly on all economic development parameters. And of the 99 energy-rich countries, only 6.1% are underdeveloped. Analysts also calculated when the different countries crossed the GDP threshold of $ 2,000 per person. Well, nations with cold and dry weather exceeded this amount 27 years earlier than countries with hot and humid climates . Russia turned out to be an exception to the rule, since it brings together all the factors highlighted by the researchers to be considered a rich country, but the theory has not yet been met.
Other studies on wealth and poverty also mention circumstances such as colonialism, deployed by the northern nations in the hot regions of the globe, which has plunged many of them into poverty, since colonial rule brings with it fewer opportunities for development for colonized countries and greater dependence on the outside . The truth is that the north dominates the south. Within Europe, Finland, Norway or Sweden are richer than Greece, Spain or Portugal.
And the same happens in each country. In Italy the most affluent and industrialized regions are at the top of the map (Veneto, Tuscany and Lombardy), while the backwardness is primed with Sicily and Basilicata. In Spain there is also a distance, for example, between the Basque Country and Extremadura. Even within a city, the most affluent neighborhoods are often in the north.
