It is a type of sexual dysfunction in which an involuntary contracture of the perineal muscles of the external third of the vagina occurs at the time that penetration is attempted, causing the vaginal introitus to close and preventing sexual intercourse. The persistence of this contraction of the vagina leads to any attempt at intercourse ending as an unpleasant and tremendously painful event .
There are different levels of vaginismus, from the slight one that only produces stiffness and discomfort and that does not hinder the sexual response (they can reach orgasm without problem), to the intense or severe that prevents penetration in any way including fingers, tampons or any instruments that approaches the vagina with the intention of penetrating.
This sexual dysfunction is quite rare and its causes are related to both psychological conflicts and physical factors . Traumatic experiences, sexual abuse or fear of contracting sexually transmitted diseases are some of the agents that can cause vaginismus syndrome.
Symptoms
Symptoms can vary from woman to woman but can include, but are not limited to:
– painful intercourse (dyspareunia), with tightness and pain that may burn or sting
– penetration is difficult or impossible
long-term sexual pain with or without known cause
– pain during tampon insertion
– pain during a gynecological exam
– generalized muscle spasm or interruption of breathing during the attempt of sexual intercourse
Pain can range from mild to severe and, although vaginismus does not prevent people from becoming sexually aroused, it can cause anxiety when having sex, so women who suffer from it try to avoid sex or vaginal penetration.
Causes
Vaginismus can be caused by stressful physical or emotional triggers. The reasons include:
– fear, for example, of pain or pregnancy
– anxiety, about sexual performance or because of guilt
– relationship problems, for example having an abusive partner or feelings of vulnerability
– traumatic events, including rape or a history of abuse
– childhood experiences, such as the representation of sex during growth or exposure to sexual images at this stage
infection, such as a urinary tract infection
– health conditions, such as cancer or sclerosis
– Birth
– menopause
– pelvic surgery
– improper foreplay
– insufficient vaginal lubrication
– side effects of medications
Treatment
Vaginismus is a treatable disorder and generally includes education, counseling, and exercises.
Regarding sex therapy, it involves learning about the anatomy and what happens during sexual arousal and intercourse. Counseling can be individual or in pairs.
Kegel exercises are also often recommended, in which you repeatedly tighten and relax the pelvic floor muscles, which control the vagina, rectum, and bladder. Practicing these exercises helps you control when your muscles contract and when they relax.
Sexual problems can affect both men and women. They are no one’s fault, and no one needs to be ashamed. In most cases, expert treatment can help you lead a normal sex life.
