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Breast milk of women vaccinated with Astrazeneca, Pfizer and Moderna contains antibodies against Covid-19

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Before vaccines were available, the presence of antibodies could be detected in the breast milk of women who had had the disease. Then we were able to confirm this transfer of protection also through vaccines.

Now, thanks to the first study carried out in Spain and the first worldwide that compares the effects of three vaccines against Covid-19 in breast milk , carried out by LactApp and the CSIC, the transfer to milk of antibodies against to Covid-19.

When analyzing milk samples from women vaccinated with Astrazeneca, Pfizer and Moderna , a response to vaccination was found in all cases with the presence of antibodies in breast milk against SARS-CoV-2 , much more intense after the second dose. .

Some of the women who were vaccinated had passed the Covid-19 and, after the first dose of the vaccine, their milk had levels of antibodies equivalent to healthy women with the two doses.

Antibody levels vary by vaccine

The study analyzed the presence of antibodies against SARS-Cov-2 in 75 lactating women vaccinated with different types of vaccines: 30 with a complete Pfizer vaccination, 21 with a complete Moderna regimen, and 24 with the first dose of AstraZeneca. The work shows the presence of specific antibodies (IgA and IgG) in the samples . Furthermore, the levels of antibodies varied according to the vaccine received, the time of measurement, the schedule completed, as well as the existence of a previous infection. .

In all cases there was a response to vaccination with an increase in antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, much more intense after the second dose. Some of the women who were vaccinated had passed the Covid-19, and, after the first dose of vaccine, their milk had levels of antibodies equivalent to healthy women with the two doses. This is consistent with information suggesting that individuals who have had the disease achieve blood-measured immunity with a single dose.

On the other hand, it has been observed that the maximum levels of antibodies in breast milk are reached between 7 and 14 days after completing the complete vaccination schedule, these levels being maintained later and coinciding with the data reported by official sources.

Passive immunity

The immunity that the baby receives through breast milk is passive. That is, it does not provide the same protection against Covid-19 as that of a vaccinated person and the baby is not expected to generate its own global immune response.

Even so, the immunoglobulins present in milk help prevent the baby from being infected in the event that the Covid-19 virus is detected in the respiratory and intestinal tracts , but more research is necessary to know exactly the immune capacity that is transferred through breast milk.

Laia Aguilar, coordinator of the LactApp research team, has indicated that “it is necessary to continue researching in the field of breastfeeding to obtain scientific evidence that allows women to make informed decisions about their health.”

“Breastfeeding is a priority and we still need more studies aimed at confirming the potential protective role of these antibodies present in breast milk against Covid-19 in children,” said María Carmen Collado, a researcher at the IATA-CSIC.

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