It is characterized by the rise of the great mountain ranges of the Himalayas and the Andes, the appearance of flowering plants and the extinction of dinosaurs , according to the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE).
This period, which followed the Triassic and Jurassic , is divided into two halves: Lower and Upper. In the middle of this stage, more than half of the oil reserves known today were formed, among which those located between the Gulf of Mexico and the coast of Venezuela stand out.
At the end of the Cretaceous, the continents began to acquire shapes that resembled the current ones, and their progressive separation favored the appearance of wide reefs and platforms. As for the climatic conditions, the temperatures were very high , even reaching 12ºC above the current ones. If this period stands out for something, it is because of the massive extinction of most of the fauna at the end of it, an episode formally known as KT.
